3. Cloud Foundry

Average annual salary in 2016: $124,038

Year-over-year change: New skill

Developer: VMware

Cloud Foundry is an open-source, cloud application platform that can develop and deploy enterprise cloud applications, and automates, scales and manages cloud apps throughout their lifecycles, according to its owner, Pivotal Software. The nonprofit open-source project Cloud Foundry Foundation oversees Cloud Foundry.